Automotive Electronics Practice Test

What is the typical result of a malfunctioning starter solenoid?

1. Engine starts immediately

2. Starter motor draws excessive current

3. Ignition switch operates normally

4. Starter can engage but not crank

The correct answer is: Starter can engage but not crank

A malfunctioning starter solenoid typically leads to situations where the starter can engage but fails to crank the engine effectively. The starter solenoid is responsible for using an electromagnet to connect the battery's power to the starter motor. When the ignition key is turned, the solenoid should activate, allowing the starter motor to crank the engine. If the solenoid is malfunctioning, it may allow the connection to happen, which means the starter might engage, but it could fail to deliver enough current or power for the starter motor to turn the engine over. This can result in a scenario where you might hear a click or some sound from the starter, but the engine fails to crank fully or at all. This is in contrast to other options. In the case of an engine starting immediately, that would indicate a properly functioning solenoid and starter system. Drawing excessive current suggests a different kind of issue, possibly due to a short or internal failure in the starter motor itself rather than the solenoid. The ignition switch operating normally implies no issues within the switch mechanism, which wouldn't directly affect the starter solenoid's operation unless there were broader electrical problems. Hence, a malfunction generally results in the starter engaging without the engine cranking, validating the correct choice.